Html-Setup es la base fundamental de cualquier sitio web, como construir los cimientos de una casa antes de levantar las paredes. Es el proceso de crear la estructura inicial de un documento HTML que le dice al navegador cómo mostrar tu contenido. Html-Setup incluye la declaración DOCTYPE, la etiqueta html, la sección head y la sección body. Este paso es esencial para cualquier proyecto web - ya sea creando un sitio web de portafolio, desarrollando un blog personal, construyendo una tienda e-commerce, creando un sitio de noticias o diseñando una plataforma social. Sin un Html-Setup adecuado, tu sitio web sería como una biblioteca sin organización, donde los libros están esparcidos sin orden alguno. En este tutorial aprenderás cómo crear una estructura HTML limpia y profesional, usar elementos básicos correctamente y evitar errores comunes. Esta base te permitirá agregar posteriormente estilización CSS y funcionalidades JavaScript. Dominar Html-Setup es como aprender a escribir una carta correctamente - necesitas conocer el formato estándar antes de personalizar el contenido.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="es">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Mi Sitio Web</title> <!-- Page title for browser tab -->
</head>
<body>
<h1>Bienvenido a Mi Sitio Web</h1> <!-- Main heading -->
<p>¡Esta es mi primera página web!</p> <!-- Paragraph text -->
</body>
</html>
El código anterior muestra la estructura básica de un documento HTML completo. La declaración <!DOCTYPE html> le dice al navegador que este es un documento HTML5. La etiqueta envuelve todo el documento y el atributo lang especifica el idioma español. La sección
contiene metadatos que no son visibles en la página pero son importantes para el navegador. La etiqueta
asegura la codificación adecuada de caracteres para que las tildes y caracteres especiales se muestren correctamente. La etiqueta
define el texto que aparece en la pestaña del navegador. La sección <body> contiene el contenido real que ven los usuarios. La etiqueta <h1> se usa para el título principal y <p> para texto de párrafo. Esta estructura es la fundación de toda página HTML, ya sea escribiendo una entrada simple de blog o construyendo un sitio de e-commerce complejo. Sin esta configuración adecuada, tu contenido no se renderizará correctamente en los navegadores. Cada elemento tiene su función específica, como habitaciones diferentes en una casa bien organizada.</p>
</div>
<!-- Enhanced Code Block -->
<div class="code-editor-container">
<div class="code-editor-header">
<h3 class="code-title">Ejemplo práctico de configuración HTML</h3>
<span class="code-language-badge html">html</span>
</div>
<div class="code-display">
<div class="code-display-header">
<span>HTML Code</span>
<div class="flex flex-col sm:flex-row gap-2">
<button type="button" class="copy-button" onclick="copyStaticCode('code-42', this)">
📋 Copiar
</button>
<button type="button"
class="copy-button bg-green-600 hover:bg-green-700 text-white"
onclick="openCodeRunner('html', 'Ejemplo práctico de configuración HTML', 42)">
🚀 Pruébalo en Vivo
</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="code-block">
<pre><code id="code-42" class="language-html"><!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="es">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="description" content="Portafolio de Carlos Mendoza - Desarrollador Web">
<title>Carlos Mendoza | Portafolio - Desarrollador Web</title>
</head>
<body>
<header>
<h1>Carlos Mendoza</h1>
<nav>
<a href="#acerca">Acerca de</a>
<a href="#proyectos">Proyectos</a>
<a href="#contacto">Contacto</a>
</nav>
</header>
<main>
<section id="acerca">
<h2>Acerca de Mí</h2>
<p>Soy un desarrollador web apasionado con 3 años de experiencia.</p>
</section>
</main>
</body>
</html></code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Enhanced Text Block with Smart Links -->
<div class="prose prose-lg max-w-none">
<p>Las mejores prácticas incluyen usar HTML semántico - elementos como header, nav, main, section que tienen significado específico. La meta etiqueta viewport es esencial para responsividad móvil. Siempre mantén una estructura de documento adecuada con metadatos en head y contenido en body. Usa elementos semánticos en lugar de div genéricos cuando sea posible. Los errores más comunes incluyen olvidar la declaración DOCTYPE, lo que hace que los navegadores entren en modo quirks. No definir meta charset puede causar problemas de visualización de caracteres especiales. Anidación inadecuada como poner div dentro de p es inválido. Olvidar la etiqueta title perjudica el SEO. Para debugging, usa las herramientas de desarrollador del navegador presionando F12 para inspeccionar la estructura HTML. Utiliza herramientas de validación como W3C Markup Validator. Mantén siempre indentación consistente para legibilidad. Agrega comentarios para secciones complejas. Prueba en diferentes navegadores para asegurar compatibilidad. Organiza tu código lógicamente, como decorar habitaciones de una casa de manera funcional y estéticamente agradable.</p>
</div>
<!-- Enhanced Reference Table -->
<div class="table-responsive">
<div class="bg-white p-6">
<h3 class="text-xl font-semibold mb-4 text-gray-800">📊 Referencia rápida de configuración HTML</h3>
<div class="overflow-x-auto">
<table class="w-full table-auto border-collapse">
<thead>
<tr class="bg-gradient-to-r from-gray-50 to-gray-100">
<th class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-left font-semibold text-gray-700">Elemento</th>
<th class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-left font-semibold text-gray-700">Descripción</th>
<th class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-left font-semibold text-gray-700">Ejemplo</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="hover:bg-gray-50 transition-colors">
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600"><!DOCTYPE html></td>
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600">Declara documento HTML5</td>
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600"><!DOCTYPE html></td>
</tr>
<tr class="hover:bg-gray-50 transition-colors">
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600"><html lang="es"></td>
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600">Elemento raíz con idioma</td>
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600"><html lang="es"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="hover:bg-gray-50 transition-colors">
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600"><meta charset="UTF-8"></td>
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600">Codificación de caracteres</td>
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600"><meta charset="UTF-8"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="hover:bg-gray-50 transition-colors">
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600"><title></td>
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600">Título de página para pestaña del navegador</td>
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600"><title>Mi Sitio Web</title></td>
</tr>
<tr class="hover:bg-gray-50 transition-colors">
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600"><meta name="viewport"></td>
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600">Meta etiqueta para responsividad móvil</td>
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="hover:bg-gray-50 transition-colors">
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600"><meta name="description"></td>
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600">Descripción de página para SEO</td>
<td class="border border-gray-300 px-4 py-3 text-gray-600"><meta name="description" content="Descripción de la página"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Enhanced Text Block with Smart Links -->
<div class="prose prose-lg max-w-none">
<p>En este tutorial has aprendido a crear la estructura adecuada de un documento HTML. Los puntos clave incluyen que toda página HTML debe tener elementos DOCTYPE, html, head y body. Las meta etiquetas son importantes para SEO y accesibilidad. La estructura HTML semántica crea código más limpio y significativo. Esta base te permitirá agregar estilización CSS donde definirás colores, fuentes y diseños. Para interacciones JavaScript, una estructura HTML adecuada también es fundamental. Los próximos temas a estudiar incluyen fundamentos de CSS, diseño responsivo y elementos de formulario. Para practicar, crea estructuras básicas para diferentes tipos de sitios web. Siempre usa herramientas de validación y verifica compatibilidad entre navegadores. Con práctica regular, podrás construir sitios web de calidad profesional. Recuerda que Html-Setup es como organizar una biblioteca - una buena organización inicial facilita encontrar y usar todo más tarde. Continúa practicando y experimentando con diferentes estructuras para solidificar tu conocimiento.</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Enhanced Quiz Section -->
<div class="mb-8">
<h2 class="text-2xl md:text-3xl font-bold mb-6 bg-clip-text">
🧠 Pon a Prueba tu Conocimiento
</h2>
<!-- Modern Quiz Container - Direct Display -->
<div id="quiz-container" class="quiz-modern-container">
<!-- Hidden CSRF Token -->
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="d6n7TZrv5qZ0woymqyK9PFB0kKmspzyMztq1RQzoUFCilIxAZHlw8ovClZPvJxir">
<!-- Quiz Header with Progress -->
<div class="quiz-header">
<div class="quiz-progress-wrapper">
<div class="quiz-progress-track">
<div id="quiz-progress-fill" class="quiz-progress-fill"></div>
</div>
<div class="quiz-progress-info">
<span id="progress-text" class="progress-current">Listo para Empezar</span>
<span id="progress-stats" class="progress-stats"></span>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Timer (if applicable) -->
<div id="quiz-timer-wrapper" class="quiz-timer-wrapper" style="display: none;">
<div class="timer-icon">⏱️</div>
<span id="timer-display" class="timer-display">10:00</span>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Quiz Content Area -->
<div class="quiz-content-area">
<!-- Quiz Introduction - Now Always Visible -->
<div id="quiz-intro" class="quiz-intro-section">
<div class="quiz-intro-icon">
<div class="icon-circle">
<svg class="brain-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor">
<path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 12l2 2 4-4m6 2a9 9 0 11-18 0 9 9 0 0118 0z"/>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
<h3 class="quiz-intro-title">Pon a prueba tus conocimientos de configuración HTML</h3>
<p class="quiz-intro-subtitle">Challenge yourself with this interactive quiz and see how well you understand the topic</p>
<!-- Quiz Stats Grid -->
<div id="quiz-stats-grid" class="quiz-stats-grid">
<div class="quiz-stat-card">
<span class="stat-icon">❓</span>
<div class="stat-value">4</div>
<div class="stat-label">Preguntas</div>
</div>
<div class="quiz-stat-card">
<span class="stat-icon">🎯</span>
<div class="stat-value">70%</div>
<div class="stat-label">Para Aprobar</div>
</div>
<div class="quiz-stat-card">
<span class="stat-icon">♾️</span>
<div class="stat-value">∞</div>
<div class="stat-label">Tiempo</div>
</div>
<div class="quiz-stat-card">
<span class="stat-icon">🔄</span>
<div class="stat-value">∞</div>
<div class="stat-label">Intentos</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Quiz Instructions -->
<div class="quiz-instructions">
<h4 class="instructions-title">📝 Instrucciones</h4>
<ul class="instructions-list">
<li>Lee cada pregunta cuidadosamente</li>
<li>Selecciona la mejor respuesta para cada pregunta</li>
<li>Puedes repetir el quiz tantas veces como quieras</li>
<li>Tu progreso se mostrará en la parte superior</li>
</ul>
</div>
<button id="start-quiz-btn" class="quiz-start-button" onclick="startQuiz(2)">
<span class="button-content">
<svg class="button-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor">
<path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M14.828 14.828a4 4 0 01-5.656 0M9 10h1m4 0h1m-6 4h8"/>
</svg>
Iniciar Quiz
</span>
<div class="button-ripple"></div>
</button>
</div>
<!-- Quiz Questions Section -->
<div id="quiz-questions" class="quiz-questions-section" style="display: none;">
<!-- Question Header -->
<div class="question-header">
<div class="question-meta">
<span id="question-number" class="question-counter">Pregunta 1</span>
<div class="question-type-badge" id="question-type">
<span>📝</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Question Content -->
<div id="current-question" class="question-content">
<!-- Question will be loaded here -->
</div>
<!-- Question Actions -->
<div class="question-actions">
<button id="submit-answer" class="submit-answer-btn" onclick="submitAnswer()" disabled>
<span class="btn-text">Enviar Respuesta</span>
<div class="btn-loader" style="display: none;">
<div class="loader-spinner"></div>
</div>
</button>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Quiz Results Section -->
<div id="quiz-results" class="quiz-results-section" style="display: none;">
<!-- Results will be populated here -->
</div>
<!-- Loading State -->
<div id="quiz-loading" class="quiz-loading-section" style="display: none;">
<div class="loading-animation">
<div class="loading-spinner"></div>
<div class="loading-dots">
<span></span>
<span></span>
<span></span>
</div>
</div>
<p class="loading-text">Cargando tu quiz...</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Error Display -->
<div id="quiz-error" class="quiz-error-display" style="display: none;">
<div class="error-content">
<div class="error-icon">⚠️</div>
<div class="error-message"></div>
<button class="error-close" onclick="hideError()">✕</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
let currentQuiz = null;
let currentQuestionIndex = 0;
let selectedAnswer = null;
let quizTimer = null;
let timeRemaining = null;
let currentQuestionData = null;
let quizSessionData = null; // Store quiz session data for answer sheet
function getCsrfToken() {
let token = null;
const quizContainer = document.getElementById('quiz-container');
if (quizContainer) {
const tokenInput = quizContainer.querySelector('input[name="csrfmiddlewaretoken"]');
if (tokenInput) {
token = tokenInput.value;
}
}
if (!token) {
const tokenInput = document.querySelector('input[name="csrfmiddlewaretoken"]');
if (tokenInput) {
token = tokenInput.value;
}
}
if (!token) {
const cookieMatch = document.cookie.match(/csrftoken=([^;]+)/);
if (cookieMatch) {
token = cookieMatch[1];
}
}
return token;
}
function startQuiz(topicId) {
console.log('Starting quiz for topic:', topicId);
// Reset quiz session data
quizSessionData = {
questions: [],
answers: {},
correctAnswers: {},
explanations: {}
};
// Show loading
showSection('quiz-loading');
updateProgress(0, 'Inicializando Quiz...', '');
const csrfToken = getCsrfToken();
if (!csrfToken) {
console.error('CSRF token not found');
showError('Security token not found. Please refresh the page.');
showSection('quiz-intro');
return;
}
const formData = new FormData();
formData.append('csrfmiddlewaretoken', csrfToken);
const url = `/es/quiz/${topicId}/start/`;
fetch(url, {
method: 'POST',
body: formData,
headers: {
'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest'
}
})
.then(response => {
if (!response.ok) {
throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${response.status}`);
}
return response.json();
})
.then(data => {
if (data.success) {
currentQuiz = data.quiz;
currentQuestionIndex = 0;
// Setup timer if quiz has time limit
if (currentQuiz.time_limit) {
setupTimer(currentQuiz.time_limit);
}
// Show quiz questions section
showSection('quiz-questions');
// Load first question
loadQuestion(data.current_question, data.question_number, data.total_questions);
} else {
console.error('Quiz start failed:', data.error);
showError(data.error || 'Failed to start quiz');
showSection('quiz-intro');
}
})
.catch(error => {
console.error('Fetch error:', error);
showError('No se pudo iniciar el quiz. Por favor, inténtalo de nuevo.');
showSection('quiz-intro');
});
}
function loadQuestion(question, questionNumber, totalQuestions) {
console.log('Loading question:', question);
// Store current question data
currentQuestionData = question;
// Store question in session data
quizSessionData.questions[questionNumber - 1] = question;
// Update progress
const progressPercent = (questionNumber / totalQuestions) * 100;
updateProgress(progressPercent, `Pregunta ${questionNumber}`, `${questionNumber} de ${totalQuestions}`);
// Update question number
const questionNumberEl = document.getElementById('question-number');
if (questionNumberEl) {
questionNumberEl.textContent = `Pregunta ${questionNumber}`;
}
// Update question type badge
const questionTypeEl = document.getElementById('question-type');
if (questionTypeEl) {
const typeIcons = {
'multiple_choice': '📝',
'true_false': '✅',
'fill_code': '💻'
};
questionTypeEl.innerHTML = `<span>${typeIcons[question.type] || '📝'}</span>`;
}
// Reset selected answer
selectedAnswer = null;
const submitBtn = document.getElementById('submit-answer');
if (submitBtn) {
submitBtn.disabled = true;
submitBtn.querySelector('.btn-text').textContent = 'Enviar Respuesta';
}
// Generate question HTML
let questionHTML = `
<div class="question-text">${escapeHtml(question.text)}</div>
`;
// Add code template if exists
if (question.code_template && question.code_template.trim()) {
questionHTML += `
<div class="code-block">
<pre><code>${escapeHtml(question.code_template)}</code></pre>
</div>
`;
}
// Add options
questionHTML += '<div class="options-container">';
if (question.options && question.options.length > 0) {
question.options.forEach((option, index) => {
questionHTML += `
<div class="option-item" onclick="selectOption(${option.id}, this)">
<input type="radio" name="quiz-option" value="${option.id}" style="display: none;">
<div class="option-content">
<div class="option-indicator"></div>
<div class="option-text">${escapeHtml(option.text)}</div>
</div>
</div>
`;
});
} else {
questionHTML += '<p class="error-message">No options available for this question.</p>';
}
questionHTML += '</div>';
// Insert question content with animation
const questionContainer = document.getElementById('current-question');
if (questionContainer) {
questionContainer.style.opacity = '0';
questionContainer.innerHTML = questionHTML;
// Animate in
setTimeout(() => {
questionContainer.style.transition = 'opacity 0.3s ease';
questionContainer.style.opacity = '1';
}, 100);
}
}
function selectOption(optionId, element) {
console.log('Option selected:', optionId);
selectedAnswer = optionId;
// Update visual feedback
document.querySelectorAll('.option-item').forEach(item => {
item.classList.remove('selected');
});
element.classList.add('selected');
// Enable submit button
const submitBtn = document.getElementById('submit-answer');
if (submitBtn) {
submitBtn.disabled = false;
}
}
function submitAnswer() {
if (!selectedAnswer || !currentQuestionData) {
console.log('No answer selected or no question data');
return;
}
console.log('Submitting answer:', selectedAnswer, 'for question:', currentQuestionData.id);
// Store user answer in session data
quizSessionData.answers[currentQuestionData.id] = {
selectedOptionId: selectedAnswer,
selectedOptionText: getSelectedOptionText(selectedAnswer)
};
const submitBtn = document.getElementById('submit-answer');
if (!submitBtn) return;
// Show loading state
submitBtn.disabled = true;
submitBtn.querySelector('.btn-text').style.opacity = '0';
submitBtn.querySelector('.btn-loader').style.display = 'block';
const csrfToken = getCsrfToken();
if (!csrfToken) {
console.error('CSRF token not found for submit');
showError('Security token not found. Please refresh the page.');
resetSubmitButton(submitBtn);
return;
}
const formData = new FormData();
formData.append('question_id', currentQuestionData.id);
formData.append('selected_option', selectedAnswer);
formData.append('csrfmiddlewaretoken', csrfToken);
const url = `/es/quiz/${currentQuiz.id}/submit/`;
fetch(url, {
method: 'POST',
body: formData,
headers: {
'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest'
}
})
.then(response => {
if (!response.ok) {
throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${response.status}`);
}
return response.json();
})
.then(data => {
if (data.success) {
if (data.completed) {
// Quiz completed - load results
loadQuizResults(data.redirect_url);
} else {
// Load next question
setTimeout(() => {
loadQuestion(data.current_question, data.question_number, data.total_questions);
resetSubmitButton(submitBtn);
}, 500);
}
} else {
console.error('Submit failed:', data.error);
showError(data.error || 'Failed to submit answer');
resetSubmitButton(submitBtn);
}
})
.catch(error => {
console.error('Submit fetch error:', error);
showError('No se pudo enviar la respuesta. Por favor, inténtalo de nuevo.');
resetSubmitButton(submitBtn);
});
}
function getSelectedOptionText(optionId) {
if (!currentQuestionData || !currentQuestionData.options) return '';
const option = currentQuestionData.options.find(opt => opt.id == optionId);
return option ? option.text : '';
}
function loadQuizResults(resultUrl) {
console.log('Loading results from:', resultUrl);
// Show loading while fetching results
showSection('quiz-loading');
updateProgress(100, 'Calculating Results...', 'Por favor espera');
fetch(resultUrl, {
headers: {
'HX-Request': 'true'
}
})
.then(response => {
if (!response.ok) {
throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${response.status}`);
}
return response.text();
})
.then(html => {
// Parse the results and extract detailed information
const tempDiv = document.createElement('div');
tempDiv.innerHTML = html;
// Extract score data from the response
const scoreElement = tempDiv.querySelector('.score-percentage') || tempDiv.querySelector('[data-score]');
let scoreValue = 0;
if (scoreElement) {
const scoreText = scoreElement.textContent || scoreElement.getAttribute('data-score') || '0';
scoreValue = parseInt(scoreText.replace('%', '')) || 0;
}
const correctElement = tempDiv.querySelector('.correct-answers') || tempDiv.querySelector('[data-correct]');
let correctAnswers = 0;
if (correctElement) {
const correctText = correctElement.textContent || correctElement.getAttribute('data-correct') || '0';
correctAnswers = parseInt(correctText) || 0;
}
const totalElement = tempDiv.querySelector('.total-questions') || tempDiv.querySelector('[data-total]');
let totalQuestions = currentQuiz.total_questions || 0;
if (totalElement) {
const totalText = totalElement.textContent || totalElement.getAttribute('data-total') || '0';
totalQuestions = parseInt(totalText) || totalQuestions;
}
// Extract detailed question results
extractQuestionResults(tempDiv);
displayResults(scoreValue, correctAnswers, totalQuestions);
// Stop timer if running
if (quizTimer) {
clearInterval(quizTimer);
hideTimer();
}
})
.catch(error => {
console.error('Results fetch error:', error);
showError('No se pudieron cargar los resultados. Por favor, actualiza la página.');
showSection('quiz-questions');
});
}
function extractQuestionResults(resultContainer) {
// Extract detailed results from the Django-generated HTML
const questionContainers = resultContainer.querySelectorAll('.border-b, .border');
questionContainers.forEach((container, index) => {
try {
// Extract question text
const questionTextEl = container.querySelector('p.text-gray-700, .text-gray-700');
const questionText = questionTextEl ? questionTextEl.textContent.trim() : `Question ${index + 1}`;
// Extract correct/incorrect status
const correctSpan = container.querySelector('.bg-green-100');
const incorrectSpan = container.querySelector('.bg-red-100');
const isCorrect = correctSpan !== null;
// Extract user's answer
let userAnswer = '';
const userAnswerSpans = container.querySelectorAll('.text-red-600, .text-green-600');
for (let span of userAnswerSpans) {
const text = span.textContent;
if (text.includes('Your answer:')) {
userAnswer = text.replace('Your answer:', '').trim();
break;
}
}
// Extract correct answer
let correctAnswer = '';
const greenSpans = container.querySelectorAll('.text-green-600');
for (let span of greenSpans) {
const text = span.textContent.trim();
const parentText = span.parentElement ? span.parentElement.textContent : '';
// Check if this span contains "Correct answer:" in its parent context
if (parentText.includes('Correct answer:') && !text.includes('Your answer:')) {
// Extract only the answer part after "Correct answer:"
const parts = parentText.split('Correct answer:');
if (parts.length > 1) {
correctAnswer = parts[1].split('Explanation:')[0].trim();
break;
}
}
}
// Fallback: if still empty, use user answer for correct questions
if (!correctAnswer && isCorrect) {
correctAnswer = userAnswer;
}
// Extract explanation
let explanation = '';
const explanationEl = container.querySelector('.bg-blue-50 p');
if (explanationEl) {
explanation = explanationEl.textContent.replace('Explanation:', '').trim();
}
// Store in session data
const questionId = quizSessionData.questions[index] ? quizSessionData.questions[index].id : index + 1;
quizSessionData.correctAnswers[questionId] = {
isCorrect: isCorrect,
correctAnswer: correctAnswer,
explanation: explanation,
questionText: questionText
};
} catch (error) {
console.error('Error extracting question result:', error);
}
});
}
function displayResults(scoreValue, correctAnswers, totalQuestions) {
const passed = scoreValue >= (currentQuiz.passing_score || 70);
const resultsSection = document.getElementById('quiz-results');
if (!resultsSection) return;
resultsSection.innerHTML = `
<div class="result-header">
<div class="result-status-icon ${passed ? 'passed' : 'failed'}">
${passed ? '🎉' : '📚'}
</div>
<h3 class="result-title">
${passed ? '¡Felicitaciones!' : '¡Sigue Aprendiendo!'}
</h3>
<p class="result-subtitle">
${passed ? '¡Aprobaste el quiz!' : 'Puedes hacerlo mejor. ¡Inténtalo de nuevo!'}
</p>
</div>
<div class="score-display">
<div class="score-percentage ${passed ? 'passed' : 'failed'}">${scoreValue}%</div>
<div class="score-details">
${correctAnswers} de ${totalQuestions} correctas
</div>
<div class="score-bar">
<div class="score-fill" style="width: 0%"></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top: 1rem; font-size: 0.875rem; opacity: 0.8;">
Puntuación para aprobar: ${currentQuiz.passing_score || 70}%
</div>
</div>
<div class="result-actions">
<button class="result-btn primary" onclick="retakeQuiz()">
<svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor">
<path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M4 4v5h.582m15.356 2A8.001 8.001 0 004.582 9m0 0H9m11 11v-5h-.581m0 0a8.003 8.003 0 01-15.357-2m15.357 2H15"/>
</svg>
Repetir Quiz
</button>
<button class="result-btn secondary" onclick="toggleAnswerSheet()" id="view-answers-btn">
<svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor">
<path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 12h6m-6 4h6m2 5H7a2 2 0 01-2-2V5a2 2 0 012-2h5.586a1 1 0 01.707.293l5.414 5.414a1 1 0 01.293.707V19a2 2 0 01-2 2z"/>
</svg>
Ver Respuestas
</button>
<button class="result-btn secondary" onclick="closeQuiz()">
<svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor">
<path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M6 18L18 6M6 6l12 12"/>
</svg>
Cerrar
</button>
</div>
<!-- Answer Sheet Section -->
<div id="answer-sheet" class="answer-sheet-section" style="display: none;">
<div class="answer-sheet-header">
<h4>📋 Hoja de Respuestas</h4>
<button class="close-answer-sheet" onclick="toggleAnswerSheet()">✕</button>
</div>
<div id="answer-sheet-content" class="answer-sheet-content">
Cargando respuestas...
</div>
</div>
`;
// Show results section
showSection('quiz-results');
updateProgress(100, '¡Quiz Completado!', `${scoreValue}% Puntuación`);
// Animate score bar
setTimeout(() => {
const scoreFill = resultsSection.querySelector('.score-fill');
if (scoreFill) {
scoreFill.style.width = `${scoreValue}%`;
}
}, 500);
}
// Answer sheet functions
function toggleAnswerSheet() {
const answerSheet = document.getElementById('answer-sheet');
const btn = document.getElementById('view-answers-btn');
if (answerSheet.style.display === 'none' || answerSheet.style.display === '') {
answerSheet.style.display = 'block';
loadAnswerSheet();
btn.innerHTML = `
<svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor">
<path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M6 18L18 6M6 6l12 12"/>
</svg>
Ocultar Respuestas
`;
} else {
answerSheet.style.display = 'none';
btn.innerHTML = `
<svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor">
<path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 12h6m-6 4h6m2 5H7a2 2 0 01-2-2V5a2 2 0 012-2h5.586a1 1 0 01.707.293l5.414 5.414a1 1 0 01.293.707V19a2 2 0 01-2 2z"/>
</svg>
Ver Respuestas
`;
}
}
function loadAnswerSheet() {
const answerSheetContent = document.getElementById('answer-sheet-content');
if (!answerSheetContent || !quizSessionData) return;
let correctCount = 0;
let incorrectCount = 0;
let answerSheetHTML = `
<div class="answer-summary">
<div class="summary-stat total">
<div class="number">${currentQuiz.total_questions || 0}</div>
<div class="label">Total de Preguntas</div>
</div>
<div class="summary-stat correct">
<div class="number" id="correct-count">0</div>
<div class="label">Correcto</div>
</div>
<div class="summary-stat incorrect">
<div class="number" id="incorrect-count">0</div>
<div class="label">Incorrecto</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="answer-grid">
`;
// Generate answer sheet for each question
quizSessionData.questions.forEach((question, index) => {
if (!question) return;
const questionId = question.id;
const userAnswer = quizSessionData.answers[questionId];
const correctInfo = quizSessionData.correctAnswers[questionId];
if (!userAnswer || !correctInfo) return;
const isCorrect = correctInfo.isCorrect;
if (isCorrect) {
correctCount++;
} else {
incorrectCount++;
}
answerSheetHTML += `
<div class="answer-item ${isCorrect ? 'correct' : 'incorrect'}">
<div class="question-number">Q${index + 1}</div>
<div class="question-details">
<div class="question-text">${escapeHtml(correctInfo.questionText || question.text)}</div>
<div class="answer-comparison">
<div class="user-answer">
<span class="label">Your Answer:</span>
<span class="value ${isCorrect ? 'correct' : 'incorrect'}">${escapeHtml(userAnswer.selectedOptionText)}</span>
</div>
${!isCorrect ? `
<div class="correct-answer">
<span class="label">Correct Answer:</span>
<span class="value correct">${escapeHtml(correctInfo.correctAnswer)}</span>
</div>
` : ''}
${correctInfo.explanation ? `
<div class="explanation">
<span class="label">Explicación:</span>
<span class="explanation-text">${escapeHtml(correctInfo.explanation)}</span>
</div>
` : ''}
</div>
</div>
<div class="result-icon">
${isCorrect ? '✅' : '❌'}
</div>
</div>
`;
});
answerSheetHTML += '</div>';
answerSheetContent.innerHTML = answerSheetHTML;
// Update summary counts
document.getElementById('correct-count').textContent = correctCount;
document.getElementById('incorrect-count').textContent = incorrectCount;
}
function retakeQuiz() {
// Reset quiz state
currentQuiz = null;
currentQuestionIndex = 0;
selectedAnswer = null;
currentQuestionData = null;
quizSessionData = null;
if (quizTimer) {
clearInterval(quizTimer);
hideTimer();
}
// Show intro section
showSection('quiz-intro');
updateProgress(0, 'Listo para Empezar', '');
}
function closeQuiz() {
// Just reset and hide for now since we're directly displaying
retakeQuiz();
}
function showSection(sectionId) {
const sections = ['quiz-intro', 'quiz-questions', 'quiz-results', 'quiz-loading'];
sections.forEach(id => {
const element = document.getElementById(id);
if (element) {
element.style.display = id === sectionId ? 'block' : 'none';
}
});
}
function updateProgress(percentage, currentText, statsText) {
const progressFill = document.getElementById('quiz-progress-fill');
const progressText = document.getElementById('progress-text');
const progressStats = document.getElementById('progress-stats');
if (progressFill) {
progressFill.style.width = `${percentage}%`;
}
if (progressText) {
progressText.textContent = currentText;
}
if (progressStats) {
progressStats.textContent = statsText;
}
}
function setupTimer(timeLimit) {
const timerWrapper = document.getElementById('quiz-timer-wrapper');
const timerDisplay = document.getElementById('timer-display');
if (!timerWrapper || !timerDisplay) return;
timeRemaining = timeLimit * 60; // Convert to seconds
timerWrapper.style.display = 'flex';
quizTimer = setInterval(() => {
const minutes = Math.floor(timeRemaining / 60);
const seconds = timeRemaining % 60;
timerDisplay.textContent = `${minutes}:${seconds.toString().padStart(2, '0')}`;
// Warning when time is running out
if (timeRemaining <= 60) {
timerWrapper.style.color = '#ef4444';
timerWrapper.style.animation = 'pulse 1s infinite';
}
if (timeRemaining <= 0) {
clearInterval(quizTimer);
if (selectedAnswer) {
submitAnswer();
} else {
showError('¡Se acabó el tiempo! El quiz se enviará automáticamente.');
}
}
timeRemaining--;
}, 1000);
}
function hideTimer() {
const timerWrapper = document.getElementById('quiz-timer-wrapper');
if (timerWrapper) {
timerWrapper.style.display = 'none';
}
}
function resetSubmitButton(button) {
if (!button) return;
button.disabled = false;
button.querySelector('.btn-text').style.opacity = '1';
button.querySelector('.btn-loader').style.display = 'none';
}
function showError(message) {
console.log('Showing error:', message);
const errorDisplay = document.getElementById('quiz-error');
if (!errorDisplay) return;
const errorMessage = errorDisplay.querySelector('.error-message');
if (errorMessage) {
errorMessage.textContent = message;
}
errorDisplay.style.display = 'block';
// Auto-hide after 5 seconds
setTimeout(() => {
hideError();
}, 5000);
}
function hideError() {
const errorDisplay = document.getElementById('quiz-error');
if (errorDisplay) {
errorDisplay.style.display = 'none';
}
}
function escapeHtml(unsafe) {
if (typeof unsafe !== 'string') {
return unsafe;
}
return unsafe
.replace(/&/g, "&")
.replace(/</g, "<")
.replace(/>/g, ">")
.replace(/"/g, """)
.replace(/'/g, "'");
}
// Initialize quiz when page loads
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
// Quiz is now directly visible, no need for showQuiz() function
console.log('Quiz components loaded');
});
// HTMX after-swap event
document.body.addEventListener('htmx:afterSwap', function() {
// Reinitialize quiz if it exists on the swapped content
console.log('Quiz components reloaded after HTMX swap');
});
</script>
</div>
<!-- Enhanced Navigation -->
<div class="topic-navigation">
<div class="nav-links">
<a href="/es/html/html-introduction/"
class="nav-link prev"
hx-get="/es/html/html-introduction/"
hx-target="#topic-content"
hx-push-url="true"
aria-label="Ir al tema anterior">
← Anterior
</a>
<div class="nav-center">
<div class="text-sm font-semibold">Tema 2 de 51</div>
<div class="text-xs mt-1 opacity-75">Html Tutorial</div>
</div>
<a href="/es/html/html-syntax/"
class="nav-link next"
hx-get="/es/html/html-syntax/"
hx-target="#topic-content"
hx-push-url="true"
aria-label="Ir al tema siguiente">
Siguiente →
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
const sessionKey = `code_session_${codeExampleId}`;
// Smart Link Click Tracking
document.addEventListener('click', function(event) {
const smartLink = event.target.closest('.smart-link');
if (smartLink) {
const keywordId = smartLink.getAttribute('data-keyword-id');
if (keywordId) {
// Track click asynchronously
fetch('/es/api/smart-link-click/', {
method: 'POST',
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
'X-CSRFToken': 'd6n7TZrv5qZ0woymqyK9PFB0kKmspzyMztq1RQzoUFCilIxAZHlw8ovClZPvJxir'
},
body: JSON.stringify({
keyword_id: keywordId,
source_content_type: 'topic',
source_content_id: 2,
user_agent: navigator.userAgent
})
}).catch(error => {
console.debug('Smart link tracking failed:', error);
});
}
}
});
function openCodeRunner(language, title, codeExampleId) {
const codeElement = document.getElementById('code-' + codeExampleId);
const code = codeElement.textContent;
const formData = new FormData();
formData.append('language', language);
formData.append('title', title);
formData.append('code', code);
formData.append('source_example_id', codeExampleId);
formData.append('csrfmiddlewaretoken', 'd6n7TZrv5qZ0woymqyK9PFB0kKmspzyMztq1RQzoUFCilIxAZHlw8ovClZPvJxir');
fetch('/es/create-code-session/', {
method: 'POST',
body: formData,
headers: {
'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest'
}
})
.then(response => response.json())
.then(data => {
if (data.success) {
window.open(data.url, '_blank');
} else {
console.error('Error creating session:', data.error);
window.open('/es/try-it/' + language + '/', '_blank');
}
})
.catch(error => {
console.error('Error:', error);
window.open('/es/try-it/' + language + '/', '_blank');
});
}
document.body.addEventListener('htmx:afterSwap', function() {
window.scrollTo({
top: 0,
behavior: 'smooth'
});
if (typeof Prism !== 'undefined') {
Prism.highlightAll();
}
if (typeof populateQuizStats === 'function') {
populateQuizStats();
}
if (window.mobileMenu && window.mobileMenu.isMenuOpen && window.mobileMenu.isMenuOpen()) {
window.mobileMenu.forceClose();
}
initializeEnhancedFeatures();
});
function initializeEnhancedFeatures() {
document.querySelectorAll('.nav-link, .custom-sidebar-item').forEach(link => {
link.addEventListener('click', function() {
if (this.hasAttribute('hx-get')) {
this.classList.add('loading');
setTimeout(() => {
this.classList.remove('loading');
}, 1000);
}
});
});
document.querySelectorAll('.code-block pre').forEach(pre => {
const code = pre.querySelector('code');
if (code && code.textContent.split('\n').length > 3) {
pre.classList.add('line-numbers');
}
});
}
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
initializeEnhancedFeatures();
if (typeof Prism !== 'undefined') {
Prism.highlightAll();
}
document.body.addEventListener('htmx:beforeRequest', function(event) {
const target = event.target;
if (target.classList.contains('nav-link') || target.classList.contains('custom-sidebar-item')) {
target.style.opacity = '0.7';
target.style.pointerEvents = 'none';
}
});
document.body.addEventListener('htmx:afterRequest', function(event) {
const target = event.target;
if (target.classList.contains('nav-link') || target.classList.contains('custom-sidebar-item')) {
target.style.opacity = '1';
target.style.pointerEvents = 'auto';
}
});
});
window.addEventListener('error', function(event) {
console.error('JavaScript error:', event.error);
if (window.innerWidth <= 768) {
const errorDiv = document.createElement('div');
errorDiv.className = 'fixed top-4 left-4 right-4 bg-red-50 border border-red-200 text-red-700 px-4 py-3 rounded-lg z-50 shadow-lg';
errorDiv.innerHTML = `
<div class="flex items-center justify-between">
<div class="flex items-center">
<span class="text-red-500 mr-2">⚠️</span>
<span><strong>Error:</strong> Algo salió mal. Por favor, actualiza la página.</span>
</div>
<button onclick="this.parentElement.parentElement.remove()" class="text-red-500 hover:text-red-700 ml-2">✕</button>
</div>
`;
document.body.appendChild(errorDiv);
setTimeout(() => {
if (errorDiv.parentElement) {
errorDiv.remove();
}
}, 5000);
}
});
const style = document.createElement('style');
style.textContent = `
@keyframes ripple {
to {
transform: scale(4);
opacity: 0;
}
}
.copy-button {
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}
`;
document.head.appendChild(style);
</script>
</main>
</div>
<!-- Include Footer -->
<footer class="bg-gray-900 text-white">
<div class="">
<div class="max-w-7xl mx-auto px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8 py-12 grid grid-cols-2 md:grid-cols-6 gap-8">
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<div>
<h3 class="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-300 uppercase tracking-wide mb-4">Frontend</h3>
<ul class="space-y-1">
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<li><a href="#" class="text-xs text-gray-400 hover:text-teal-400 transition-colors">Vue.js Framework</a></li>
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<h3 class="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-300 uppercase tracking-wide mb-4">Backend</h3>
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<h3 class="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-300 uppercase tracking-wide mb-4">Base de Datos</h3>
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<li><a href="#" class="text-xs text-gray-400 hover:text-teal-400 transition-colors">Database Design</a></li>
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</ul>
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<div>
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<li><a href="#" class="text-xs text-gray-400 hover:text-teal-400 transition-colors">React Native Tutorial</a></li>
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<li><a href="#" class="text-xs text-gray-400 hover:text-teal-400 transition-colors">iOS Swift Tutorial</a></li>
<li><a href="#" class="text-xs text-gray-400 hover:text-teal-400 transition-colors">SwiftUI Tutorial</a></li>
<li><a href="#" class="text-xs text-gray-400 hover:text-teal-400 transition-colors">Android Kotlin</a></li>
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<li><a href="#" class="text-xs text-gray-400 hover:text-teal-400 transition-colors">Progressive Web Apps</a></li>
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</ul>
</div>
<!-- Advanced Topics -->
<div>
<h3 class="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-300 uppercase tracking-wide mb-4">Avanzado</h3>
<ul class="space-y-1">
<li><a href="#" class="text-xs text-gray-400 hover:text-teal-400 transition-colors">Data Structures</a></li>
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